火焰雷管装药恶劣温度下安定性分析

为分析火焰雷管用N-LTNR(中性斯蒂芬酸铅)和Pb(N₃)₂(叠氮化铅)装药在-70℃~+130℃恶劣环境温度下的安定性,采用相机观测了N-LTNR在DSC(示差扫瞄量热仪)中连续升温中(≥110℃)药剂变色、颗粒变碎、变疏松,以及降温过程中(≤-40℃)颗粒破碎、蹦跳等结晶水带来的物理不安定性;为检验N-LTNR失去结晶水对Pb(N₃)₂水解反应的影响程度,对N-LTNR和Pb(N₃)₂混合装药采用纯度分析鉴定化学安定性,结果表明Pb(N₃)₂的水解反应使纯度由98.6%降到95.26%,所以该雷管装药应限制在110℃以下使用.     

H2 sensing properties of modified silicon nanowires

It has been found that the silicon nanowires modified with noble metals can be used to fabricate an effective H2 gas sensor in the present study.The preparation and surface modification of silicon nanowires(Si NWs) were carried out by chemical methods. The morphology of the silicon nanowires unmodified and modified with nanoparticles of platinum, palladium, silver and gold was investigated using scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The chemical composition of the silicon nanowire layers was studied by secondary ion mass spectroscopy(SIMS) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis(EDX). The structures of type metal/Si NWs/p-Si/Al were fabricated. The electrical characterization(I–V) was performed in primary vacuum and H2 at different concentrations. It was found that the metal type used to modify the Si NWs strongly influenced the I–V characteristics. The response of these structures toward H2 gas was studied as a function of the metal type. Finally, the sensing characteristics and performance of the sensors were investigated.     

Improving thermal insulation of TC4 using YSZ-based coating and SiO2 aerogel

In this paper, air plasmas spray(APS) was used to prepare YSZ and Sc2O3–YSZ(Sc YSZ) coating in order to improve the thermal insulation ability of TC4 alloy. Si O2 aerogel was also synthesized and affixed on TC4 titanium alloy to inhabit thermal flow. The microstructures, phase compositions and thermal insulation performance of three coatings were analyzed in detail. The results of thermal diffusivity test by a laser flash method showed that the thermal diffusivities of YSZ, Sc2O3–YSZ and Si O2 aerogel are 0.553, 0.539 and 0.2097 10 6m2/s, respectively. Then,the thermal insulation performances of three kinds of coating were investigated from 20 1C to 400 1C using high infrared radiation heat flux technology. The experimental results indicated that the corresponding temperature difference between the top TC4 alloy(400 1C) and the bottom surface of YSZ is 41.5 1C for 0.6 mm thickness coating. For 1 mm thickness coating, the corresponding temperature difference between the top TC4 alloys(400 1C) and the bottom surface of YSZ, Sc YSZ, Si O2 aerogel three specimens is 54, 54.6 and 208 1C, respectively. The coating thickness and species were found to influence the heat insulation ability. In these materials, YSZ and Sc YSZ exhibited a little difference for heat insulation behavior. However, Si O2 aerogel was the best one among them and it can be taken as protection material on TC4 alloys. In outer space,Si O2 aerogel can meet the need of thermal insulation of TC4 of high-speed aircraft.     

Influence of thermal-decomposition temperatures on structures and properties of V2O5 as cathode materials for lithium ion battery

Submicron spherical V2O5 particles with a uniform size and a lower crystallinity were successfully synthesized by a chemical precipitationthermal decomposition technique using the commercial V2O5 powders as starting material. The crystal structure and grain morphology of samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM), respectively. Electrochemical testing such as discharge–charge cycling(CD) and cyclic voltammetry(CV) were employed in evaluating their electrochemical properties as cathode materials for lithium ion battery. Results reveal that the crystallinity and crystalline size of V2O5 particles increased when the thermal-decomposition temperature increased from 400 ℃ to 500 ℃, and their adhesiveness was also synchronously increased. This indicate that the thermaldecomposition temperature palyed a significant influence on electrochemical properties of V2O5 cathodes. The V2O5 sample obtained at 400 ℃ delivered not only a high initial discharge capacity of 330 m A h g-1and also the good cycle stability during 50 cycles due to its higher values ofα in crystal structure and better dispersity in grain morphology.     

微波辅助氢氧化钠改性沸石及其对Zn~(2+)的吸附

利用微波辅助Na OH对天然沸石进行改性,在单因素实验的基础上对改性条件进行了优化,得出沸石改性的最优实验条件为:Na OH改性液浓度为0.5 mol/L、微波功率480 W、微波辐射时间5 min.探讨改性沸石对Zn2+的吸附行为.结果表明:改性沸石对Zn2+的吸附能力明显增强.在优化实验条件下对质量浓度为50 mg/L的Zn2+的去除率达95.68%.Langmuir吸附模型比Freundlich吸附模型能更好地模拟改性沸石对Zn2+的吸附过程,吸附动力学方程以准二级动力学方程拟合的效果最优.     

基于欧美压力容器规范的平封头角焊缝疲劳寿命研究

以大型有限元分析软件ANSYS为工具,对平封头结构进行弹性和弹-塑性分析。根据有限元分析结果,分别采用ASME VIII-2规范和EN 13445规范中的方法对平封头结构进行疲劳评定,得到了不同方法下平封头结构的许用循环次数。结合Hinnant等的压力容器平封头疲劳试验数据,对各种疲劳设计方法进行分析比较。结果表明,规范中的疲劳评定方法预测的寿命均小于试样的实际寿命,基于ASME VIII-2弹性分析法得出的疲劳寿命最接近实际值。     

川西南乐山地区灯影组二-三段岩石学特征及沉积环境分析

乐山地区位于上扬子地台西南缘,该区灯影组二-三段发育了一套白云岩沉积岩层。在野外实测剖面、显微薄片鉴定和扫描电镜分析的基础上,通过对先锋剖面岩石学特征的研究,结合前人的研究成果,将该区灯影组二-三段分为四个岩性段:灯二段下部以藻白云岩为主,部分层位发育泥微晶-粉细晶白云岩;灯二段上部以泥微晶-粉细晶白云岩为主,偶见藻白云岩;灯三段下部为藻白云岩,偶见泥微晶-粉细晶白云岩;灯三段上部以泥微晶-粉细晶白云岩为主,部分层位发育藻白云岩。根据室内微相分析的结果,参考Wilson的标准微相和碳酸盐台地沉积模式,可识别出云坪和藻云坪两种沉积微相。两种沉积微相在时空上的有序组合,构成了研究区灯影组二-三段碳酸盐岩局限台地内的潮坪亚相。根据沉积相在纵向和横向上的变化,建立了该区的沉积相模式,相对海平面的海退-海侵-海退-海侵沉积旋回很好的控制了沉积相模式的演化,为该区的地质研究和油气勘探提供了重要的基础地质资料。     

Pb2 胁迫对蛋白核小球藻叶绿素荧光强度及亚显微结构的影响

实验研究了蛋白核小球藻叶绿素荧光强度及亚显微结构受不同浓度Pb2+的影响。实验结果表明:随暴露时间的进行0、1 mg/L Pb(NO3)2处理组蛋白核小球藻的叶绿素荧光强度是逐渐升高的;而5、10、50、80 mg/L处理组的藻叶绿素荧光强度逐渐降低;且Pb2+浓度越大其荧光强度的下降趋势越明显。经Pb2+处理的蛋白核小球藻细胞易破裂且多变形,细胞壁和原生质体结合疏松,细胞超微结构中的细胞器如叶绿体、线粒体、蛋白核、淀粉与液泡等受到了Pb2+毒性影响,导致其细胞内的各个系统受到明显影响,进而影响到藻细胞的荧光特性。     

裂纹监测涡流传感器优化设计及试验研究

为了提高涡流传感器监测裂纹灵敏度,应用COMSOL软件AC/DC模块建立了涡流传感器监测系统模型,并搭建试验系统证明了其正确性;优化了涡流传感器的结构参数,基于优化结果试制了涡流传感器,并进行了预制裂纹监测试验.模型分析与试验结果表明:提离距离越小,基材厚度越薄,系统监测灵敏度越高;涡流传感器各通道通过裂纹区域时,跨阻抗幅值和相位都增大,以综合跨阻抗幅值和相位的变化率作为系统输出信号,提高了监测灵敏度,传感器分辨率达到1mm.     

二乙醇单异丙醇胺对硅酸盐水泥粉磨及性能的影响

研究二乙醇单异丙醇胺(DEIPA)在硅酸盐水泥粉磨中的助磨特性,探讨了其对水泥粉磨过程及粉体综合性能的影响。结果表明:DEIPA促进水泥粉磨过程,缩短了水泥粉磨时间;降低了小于5μm的微细颗粒含量,改变了粒度分布。DEIPA使粉磨试样的颗粒均匀度、圆形度提高,颗粒团聚现象改善,降低了水泥粉体的休止角。其中掺0.015%的DEIPA的粉体休止角从41.5°(参照样)降低到36.5°。